Cuba Quick Info

admin Posted On July 28, 2021

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Median age: 42.1 years

Capital: Havana

Ethnic Teams: White 64.1%, combined 26.6%, Black 9.3% (2012 est.)

Unemployment: 2.6% (2017 est.)

Different Info

Earlier than the collapse of the Soviet Union within the early Nineteen Nineties, Cuba was receiving subsidies value $4 billion-$6 billion a yr.

The US pays Cuba roughly $4,085 a yr to lease the 45 sq. miles that the Guantánamo Bay Naval Station occupies. Cuba has not accepted the fee since 1959.

Timeline

1492 – Explorer Christopher Columbus lands on the island of Cuba and claims it for Spain. Spain controls the island till 1898, making it a hub for the slave commerce and the export of sugar and low.

1898 – The US assists Cubans in successful independence from Spain in the course of the Spanish-American Warfare. The Treaty of Paris provides the US non permanent management of Cuba.

1902 – Cuba good points independence from the US.

1903 – The brand new Republic of Cuba leases 45 sq. miles of land in Guantánamo Bay to the US for building of a naval station. Constructing on the naval station begins that very same yr.

1952 – Former President Fulgencio Batista levels a coup with the help of the military, and assumes energy.

July 26, 1953 – Fidel Castro and roughly 150 others assault the Moncada navy barracks in Santiago de Cuba in an unsuccessful try and overthrow the Batista regime.

October 16, 1953 – Castro is sentenced to fifteen years in jail.

Might 15, 1955 – Castro and his brother, Raul, are launched as a part of a basic amnesty for political prisoners.

December 2, 1956 – Eighty-two exiles land in Cuba, on a yacht named Granma. Most are killed instantly. The survivors, together with the Castros, flee to the Sierra Maestra Mountains. Throughout 1957-1958, they wage a guerrilla marketing campaign from this base, which incorporates skirmishes with authorities troops and burning sugar crops.

January 1, 1959 – Batista is overthrown by Castro’s forces.

1960 – Cuba nationalizes roughly $1 billion of US-owned property on the island. In response, the US locations a commerce embargo on Cuba.

January 1961 – The US and Cuba finish diplomatic relations.

April 1961 – The US backs Cuban exiles in an unsuccessful try and invade Cuba on the Bay of Pigs.

October 1962 – The United States discovers that the Soviet Union is constructing missile installations in Cuba. The standoff ends with the Soviet Union withdrawing the missiles and the US promising to not invade Cuba.

1977 – The US Pursuits Part in Havana is opened.

April-September 1980 – Fidel Castro permits anybody who needs to go away Cuba to freely depart from the port of Mariel. Roughly 124,000 Cuban migrants enter the US.

October 1983 – US troops invade the Caribbean island of Grenada, after a gaggle of navy officers aligned with Cuba stage a coup.

1994 – The US and Cuba signal an settlement designed to halt the move of unlawful aliens from Cuba to the US.

1996 – US President Invoice Clinton indicators the Helms-Burton Act into legislation, tightening sanctions towards Cuba.

January 1998 – Pope John Paul II visits Cuba.

September 1998 – Ten persons are arrested in Florida and charged with spying for the Cuban authorities. The felony criticism alleges the eight males and two girls tried to infiltrate Cuban exile teams and US navy installations. 5 of the defendants are later recognized as Cuban intelligence officers Ruben Campa (aka Fernando Gonzalez), Rene Gonzalez, Gerardo Hernandez, Luis Medina (aka Ramon Labanino) and Antonio Guerrero.

1999 – Clinton eases journey restrictions to Cuba.

November 1999 – 5-year-old Elian Gonzalez is discovered within the water between Cuba and Florida, the one survivor of a gaggle trying to succeed in the US by boat. An extended custody battle between Gonzalez’ father in Cuba and kin in Florida strains relations between Cuba and the US. The standoff ends with US federal brokers forcibly eradicating the boy from his great-uncle’s residence. Gonzalez and his father return to Cuba in June 2000.

June 9, 2001- The 5 Cuban brokers are convicted of spying towards the US. Moreover, Hernandez is convicted of contributing to the deaths of 4 members of the anti-Castro group Brothers to the Rescue, shot down by Cuban fighter jets in 1996.

2002 – Former US President Jimmy Carter visits Cuba, the primary former or sitting president to go to since 1928.

August 2005 – The eleventh Circuit Courtroom of Appeals in Atlanta overturns the spying convictions of the Cuban 5. The ruling is reversed in August 2006.

July 31, 2006 – A press release learn on Cuban TV declares that Fidel Castro is present process intestinal surgical procedure and has provisionally handed over energy to his youthful brother, Raul.

February 19, 2008 – As a result of ailing well being, Fidel Castro declares his resignation as president in a letter revealed in the course of the evening within the on-line model of Cuba’s state-run newspaper, Granma.

February 24, 2008 – Raul Castro is chosen by Cuba’s Nationwide Meeting to be the nation’s new president.

December 2009 – American Alan Gross is jailed whereas working as a subcontractor on a US Company for Worldwide Improvement venture aimed toward spreading democracy. His actions are deemed unlawful by Cuban authorities. He’s accused of attempting to arrange unlawful web connections on the island. Gross says he was attempting to assist join the Jewish group to the web and was not a menace to the federal government.

October 2011 – Gonzalez, a member of the Cuban 5, is launched on probation after serving 13 years in jail.

February 24, 2013 – Raul Castro is reelected to a second five-year time period. Later throughout a nationally televised speech, Castro declares that he’ll step down from energy in 2018 when his time period is over.

February 2014 – A Cuban 5 member Ruben Campa (aka Fernando Gonzalez) is launched from jail after serving greater than 15 years.

December 17, 2014 – Cuba releases American contractor Alan Gross as a “humanitarian” gesture after 5 years in jail. As a part of a deal between the US and Cuba, the US releases three Cuban intelligence brokers convicted of espionage in 2001; in return, Cuba frees an unidentified US intelligence supply who has been jailed in Cuba for greater than 20 years.

December 17, 2014 – US President Barack Obama declares plans to instantly start discussions with Cuba to reestablish diplomatic relations, and that the US will reopen an embassy in Havana. The administration may even enable some journey and commerce that had been banned below a decades-long embargo instated in the course of the Kennedy administration.

January 12, 2015 – Cuba has launched a complete of 53 political prisoners as a part of its rapprochement take care of the US, based on a US official.

January 15, 2015 – The Obama Administration declares particulars of the softened journey laws: Cuban Individuals visiting household, US officers on authorities journeys, journalists on project and common residents visiting for instructional, cultural or non secular causes will now not want permission first. Individuals may even have the ability to use bank cards, a previous restriction.

January 22, 2015 – Throughout a historic spherical of diplomatic talks between the US and Cuba, the Cuban delegation expresses “severe issues” about the US and human rights, citing detentions in Guantanamo Bay, “police abuse” in Ferguson, Missouri and New York, and racial and gender inequalities.

January 26, 2015 – Fidel Castro writes that though he “would not belief US insurance policies and haven’t exchanged a phrase with them, this doesn’t imply nevertheless that I’d oppose a peaceable resolution to conflicts or threats of conflict.”

April 11, 2015 – Ending a decades-long standstill in US-Cuba relations, President Raul Castro meets for an hour in the course of the Summit of the Americas with Obama, the primary time the 2 nations’ high leaders have sat down for substantive talks in additional than 50 years.

April 14, 2015 – Obama recommends that Cuba be faraway from the US authorities’s checklist of state sponsors of terrorism.

Might 29, 2015 – The United States formally removes Cuba from its checklist of nations that sponsor terrorism, setting the 2 nations up for a full renewal of diplomatic ties.

July 1, 2015 – Obama declares that the US is restoring diplomatic relations with Cuba and that the American embassy in Havana will open in the course of the late summer time, with a go to from Secretary of State John Kerry.

July 20, 2015 – Cuba and the US formally reestablish diplomatic relations after 54 years.

August 14, 2015 – The US Embassy formally reopens in Havana.

December 17, 2015 – The US State Division declares that the US and Cuba have agreed to renew business air journey between the 2 international locations for the primary time in additional than half a century. The Federal Aviation Administration should guarantee sure security laws are in place earlier than flights can resume, based on a State Division official.

December 29, 2015 – 5 Central American international locations and Mexico attain an settlement that may assist about 8,000 stranded Cuban immigrants make their option to the US. Because the normalization of relations between the US and Cuba, and the loosened necessities for journey exterior of Cuba, the variety of people attempting emigrate to the US has spiked.

January 12, 2016 – The primary group of Cuban migrants leaves Costa Rica for El Salvador on their option to Mexico. As soon as in Mexico, the migrants are on their very own to try passage to the US.

February 18, 2016 – Obama declares on Twitter that he’ll go to Cuba in March, turning into the primary sitting US president to go to Cuba in 88 years.

March 15, 2016 – The US Treasury Division declares an extra loosening of restrictions, which incorporates permitting US vacationers to interact in particular person instructional excursions of Cuba. Efficient on March 16, Cuba and the US will resume postal service, practically 5 a long time after junk mail service was interrupted.

March 20, 2016 – Obama arrives in Cuba, starting a historic two-day go to to the island that features conferences with Raul Castro and anti-government dissidents.

Might 1, 2016 – For the primary time in a long time, a US cruise ship units sail for Cuba as salsa music performs and protesters picket close by.

June 10, 2016 – The Division of Transportation approves American Airways, Frontier Airways, JetBlue Airways, Silver Airways, Southwest Airways and Solar Nation Airways to supply flights between the US and Cuba.

August 31, 2016 – The primary direct US business flight from Fort Lauderdale, Florida, to Cuba touches down in Santa Clara. JetBlue Flight 387 is the primary in additional than 50 years to hold passengers to the island since Obama’s announcement to reengage with Cuba.

November 30, 2016 – The ashes of former chief Fidel Castro are carried from the capital, Havana, to Santiago, the birthplace of his revolution. It’s the begin of a journey that reverses the route Castro took throughout the island after seizing energy in 1959.

January 12, 2017 – Obama declares he’s ending the longstanding “moist foot, dry foot” coverage that permits Cubans who arrive in the US and not using a visa to grow to be everlasting residents.

September 29, 2017 – The US State Division orders households and nonessential personnel out of Cuba after a assessment of US diplomats’ security following a collection of sonic assaults that started in November 2016.

November 8, 2017 – The Treasury Division declares new sanctions and journey restrictions on Cuba to take impact November 9.

March 19, 2018 – Miguel Díaz-Canel is formally named as the brand new chief of Cuba, in the future after a secret vote within the nation’s Nationwide Meeting. Díaz-Canel, 57, was chosen by a vote of 603-1 because the unopposed candidate to interchange Raul Castro. That is the primary time in practically six a long time that Cuba is being led by a person not named Castro.

July 23, 2018 – Cuba’s Nationwide Meeting endorses a draft of a brand new structure, based on Granma, the official newspaper of Cuba’s Communist Celebration. Modifications embrace permitting a path to the legalization of same-sex marriage. The draft should go by means of a preferred vote to grow to be legislation.

February 24, 2019 – Cubans vote in favor of approving a brand new structure. The brand new doc replaces the 1976 Soviet-era constitution enacted below. It protects non-public property and international funding, and for the primary time locations two five-year phrases on the workplace of the presidency. Nonetheless, following a backlash by conservative non secular teams, the federal government backs off from language that may have legalized same-sex marriage within the structure.

June 4, 2019 – The US declares main new restrictions on US residents touring to Cuba, blocking the commonest means Individuals are capable of go to the island — by means of organized tour teams that license US residents to journey routinely — and banning US cruise ships from stopping within the nation.

October 11, 2019 – Cuba’s Nationwide Meeting reappoints Diaz-Canel to function president. The five-year time period holds the opportunity of renewal for a further 5 years. He’s anticipated to call a major minister, a newly created place meant to run the day-to-day governance below the brand new structure.

December 21, 2019 – Former Cuban Tourism Minister Manuel Marrero Cruz is called the nation’s prime minister. He is the primary particular person to carry the place in 43 years.

January 11, 2021 – Secretary of State Mike Pompeo declares the Trump administration has designated Cuba a state sponsor of terrorism, reversing an Obama-era determination to take away the label.

April 16, 2021 – Castro declares he’s stepping down as head of Cuba’s communist get together.

April 19, 2021 – Diaz-Canel is chosen to the place of First Secretary.

July 11, 2021 – Hundreds of Cubans take to the streets to protest a scarcity of meals and drugs because the nation undergoes a grave financial disaster aggravated by the Covid-19 pandemic and US sanctions. Many chanted for “freedom” and known as for President Díaz-Canel to step down.

July 14, 2021 – Cuba declares it’s quickly lifting restrictions on vacationers bringing meals, medicines and hygiene merchandise into the nation in an obvious acknowledgment of calls for from anti-government demonstrators.

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